December on Hawaii Island typically offers a transition from the wetter summer months to a drier period. Expect daytime temperatures averaging in the mid-70s Fahrenheit (low 20s Celsius) at lower elevations, dropping to the 60s Fahrenheit (teens Celsius) at higher altitudes. Rainfall varies significantly based on location, with the windward (east) side generally receiving more precipitation than the leeward (west) side. Ocean temperatures remain pleasant, making water activities enjoyable.
Understanding typical weather patterns is essential for planning activities and packing appropriately for a December visit. This knowledge allows travelers to maximize their enjoyment of the island’s diverse offerings, from hiking volcanic peaks to snorkeling in coral reefs. Historically, Hawaiians have relied on close observation of weather patterns for navigation, agriculture, and cultural practices, demonstrating the long-standing significance of understanding seasonal changes.
This exploration of Hawaii Island’s December climate will cover topics such as average rainfall and temperature ranges across various locations, ideal clothing choices, potential weather hazards, and suggested activities suited for the season.
1. Mild Daytime Temperatures
Mild daytime temperatures are a defining characteristic of December weather on Hawaii Island, significantly influencing visitor experiences and activity choices. This comfortable climate distinguishes December from both the hotter summer months and potentially colder mainland winters, contributing to the island’s appeal as a winter travel destination.
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Average Temperature Range
Daytime temperatures in December typically range from the low 70s to low 80s Fahrenheit (low 20s to high 20s Celsius) at lower elevations. This moderate warmth allows for comfortable participation in outdoor activities without excessive heat.
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Altitude Variation
Temperatures decrease with altitude. Visitors planning hikes to higher elevations, such as Mauna Kea or Mauna Loa, should anticipate significantly cooler conditions and pack accordingly. This variation allows for diverse climate experiences within a relatively small geographical area.
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Impact on Activities
The mild daytime temperatures facilitate a wide range of outdoor pursuits, from exploring beaches and rainforests to participating in water sports and hiking. This comfortable climate encourages visitors to engage with the island’s natural beauty.
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Comparison to Other Destinations
Compared to many mainland locations during December, Hawaii Island’s mild temperatures provide a welcome respite from winter cold. This contrast makes the island a particularly attractive destination for those seeking a warm-weather escape.
The mild daytime temperatures of December contribute significantly to the overall pleasant weather conditions on Hawaii Island, encouraging exploration and enjoyment of the island’s diverse landscapes and activities. This comfortable climate is a key factor in making December a popular time to visit.
2. Cooler Nights
Cooler nights are an integral aspect of December weather on Hawaii Island, contrasting with the mild daytime temperatures and influencing visitor preparedness. Understanding this temperature variation is essential for packing appropriately and maximizing comfort during evening activities.
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Temperature Range
Evening temperatures in December typically drop to the 60s Fahrenheit (teens Celsius) at lower elevations, and significantly lower at higher altitudes. This noticeable difference from daytime highs necessitates bringing warmer clothing layers.
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Impact on Activities
While daytime activities can be enjoyed in lighter attire, evenings require warmer clothing for comfort, especially when dining outdoors, stargazing, or attending evening events. This temperature shift influences clothing choices and activity planning.
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Microclimates and Altitude
Temperature variations are amplified by the island’s diverse microclimates and altitude differences. Coastal areas may remain relatively warmer, while inland and higher elevation locations experience more pronounced cooling. Recognizing these variations is crucial for packing effectively.
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Stargazing Opportunities
The cooler, clearer nights of December often provide excellent conditions for stargazing, particularly at higher elevations with less light pollution. This makes December a favorable time for astronomical observation on Mauna Kea and other locations.
The cooler nights in December contribute to the overall diurnal temperature range experienced on Hawaii Island. Packing layers is essential to ensure comfort and enjoyment of both daytime and evening activities. This temperature variation adds another dimension to the island’s December weather, influencing visitor experience and preparation.
3. Variable Rainfall
Rainfall in December on Hawaii Island exhibits significant variability, influenced predominantly by topography and prevailing wind patterns. The island’s volcanic peaks create distinct windward and leeward sides, resulting in drastically different precipitation levels. Understanding this variability is crucial for planning activities and choosing accommodation locations.
The windward (east) side, exposed to the northeast trade winds, experiences significantly higher rainfall. Hilo, located on the windward coast, receives the most precipitation, averaging over 10 inches in December. This consistent rainfall nurtures lush rainforests and creates dramatic waterfalls, contributing to the region’s unique ecological character. Conversely, the leeward (west) side, sheltered from the trade winds by the volcanic mountains, receives considerably less rainfall. Kona, situated on the leeward coast, averages less than 3 inches of rain in December. This drier climate fosters distinct vegetation and offers more sunshine, making it popular for beach activities and water sports.
The practical significance of understanding rainfall variability lies in informed decision-making. Visitors seeking lush landscapes and rainforest experiences should focus on the windward side, while those prioritizing sunshine and beach activities should consider the leeward coast. Packing appropriate rain gear, regardless of location, remains advisable due to the potential for localized showers. Awareness of this rainfall variability allows travelers to select locations and activities aligned with their preferences and expectations, maximizing their experience of Hawaii Island’s diverse climate and landscapes. This understanding contributes to a more informed and enjoyable visit during December.
4. Humpback Whale Season
December marks the beginning of humpback whale season in the waters surrounding Hawaii Island, directly coinciding with the island’s typical December weather patterns. The whales migrate from their Alaskan feeding grounds to the warmer, sheltered waters of Hawaii to breed and calve. Water temperatures, typically pleasant in December, play a crucial role in providing a suitable environment for these activities. The calmer seas, characteristic of the leeward side during this period, offer further protection for newborn calves. Whale watching tours become a popular activity, benefiting from generally clear visibility and favorable ocean conditions.
The influx of humpback whales significantly enhances the island’s appeal as a December destination. Whale watching provides a unique wildlife encounter, contributing to the overall visitor experience. The economic benefits extend to local businesses offering whale watching tours and related services. For instance, tour operators based in Kona and other coastal towns experience increased demand during this period. The presence of whales also underscores the importance of conservation efforts, reminding visitors of the delicate balance within the marine ecosystem. Several organizations offer educational programs and guided tours that emphasize responsible whale watching practices.
The convergence of humpback whale season and Hawaii Island’s December weather creates a symbiotic relationship benefiting both the whales and the island’s economy. Understanding this connection allows visitors to appreciate the broader ecological context of their visit and contribute to sustainable tourism practices. The predictable nature of both whale migration and December weather patterns allows for effective planning and management of whale watching activities, minimizing disturbance to the whales while maximizing visitor opportunities.
5. Increased Sunshine (Leeward Side)
Increased sunshine on the leeward side of Hawaii Island is a defining characteristic of December weather, significantly influencing visitor activity and destination choices. The “rain shadow” effect created by the volcanic peaks shields the western coast from the dominant trade winds, resulting in drier conditions and increased sun exposure compared to the windward side. This contrast in sunshine hours plays a crucial role in shaping the island’s diverse microclimates and contributes to its appeal as a winter sun destination.
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Beach Activities and Water Sports
The abundant sunshine on the leeward side creates ideal conditions for beach activities and water sports. Increased sun exposure allows for extended periods of swimming, sunbathing, snorkeling, and other ocean-based recreation. Popular beaches like those in Kona and Kohala Coast experience high visitor traffic during December, driven by the favorable weather. This concentration of sunshine-dependent activities reinforces the leeward side’s reputation as a prime destination for winter sun-seekers.
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Tourism and Local Economy
Increased sunshine directly benefits the local tourism economy. Hotels, resorts, and tour operators on the leeward side experience heightened demand during December, driven by visitors seeking sunny weather. Outdoor restaurants and cafes thrive, offering extended hours and al fresco dining options. This economic boost underscores the importance of sunshine as a key driver of tourism on the leeward side.
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Contrast with Windward Side
The increased sunshine on the leeward side creates a stark contrast with the wetter conditions prevalent on the windward side. This difference highlights the island’s remarkable climatic diversity within a relatively small geographical area. Visitors can experience both lush rainforests and sunny beaches within a short distance, showcasing the influence of topography on weather patterns. This contrast allows for diverse experiences and caters to a wider range of visitor preferences.
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Vog Considerations
While increased sunshine is generally desirable, it can sometimes exacerbate the effects of vog (volcanic smog), which can be carried by Kona winds from the Kilauea volcano. Vog can reduce visibility and air quality, impacting outdoor activities and potentially posing health concerns for sensitive individuals. Monitoring air quality forecasts and taking necessary precautions become important during periods of increased vog.
The increased sunshine on the leeward side of Hawaii Island during December is a pivotal factor shaping weather patterns, visitor experiences, and the local economy. While offering numerous benefits for outdoor recreation and tourism, it is important to be aware of potential challenges such as vog. Understanding the interplay of sunshine, wind patterns, and volcanic activity provides a comprehensive perspective on December weather dynamics on Hawaii Island.
6. Occasional Kona Winds
Kona winds represent a noteworthy deviation from typical trade wind patterns on the Big Island of Hawaii, particularly during the December period. These winds, originating from the south or southwest, disrupt the usual northeasterly flow, bringing a shift in weather dynamics. A primary consequence is the transportation of vog, volcanic smog from Klauea, towards the typically drier, sunnier leeward side. This can lead to reduced air quality and visibility, impacting outdoor activities and posing potential respiratory challenges for sensitive individuals. Furthermore, Kona winds can generate localized heavy rainfall, particularly along the normally drier western coasts, while simultaneously drying out the windward side. This shift in precipitation patterns can impact agricultural practices and water resource management.
Historically, Kona winds held significant cultural and practical implications for Hawaiian communities. Their arrival often signaled a change in fishing conditions and necessitated adjustments in navigational practices. The shift in rainfall patterns also influenced agricultural cycles. Contemporary understanding of Kona winds utilizes meteorological data and forecasting models to predict their onset and potential impacts. This information aids in public health advisories regarding vog levels and informs emergency preparedness strategies related to potential flooding or drought conditions in affected areas. For example, during a Kona wind event in December 2015, air quality alerts were issued for Kona and surrounding areas, advising residents and visitors to limit outdoor exertion.
Recognizing the influence of Kona winds on Big Island weather in December is crucial for both residents and visitors. Awareness of potential shifts in air quality, precipitation, and ocean conditions facilitates informed decision-making regarding outdoor activities and travel plans. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern meteorological forecasting enhances preparedness and mitigates potential disruptions caused by these occasional but impactful wind shifts. Understanding Kona winds contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay of atmospheric and geological forces shaping the island’s dynamic weather patterns.
7. Pleasant Ocean Temperatures
Pleasant ocean temperatures are a key component of Big Island, Hawaii’s December weather, significantly influencing visitor experiences and contributing to the island’s appeal as a winter destination. Water temperatures remain relatively consistent throughout the year due to the island’s tropical location, providing comfortable conditions for swimming, snorkeling, and other water activities even during the winter months. This consistently pleasant ocean temperature distinguishes Hawaii Island from many other destinations where ocean temperatures drop significantly during winter.
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Water Temperature Range
Ocean temperatures around Hawaii Island in December typically range from the mid-70s to low 80s Fahrenheit (low to high 20s Celsius). This comfortable range allows for extended periods in the water without discomfort from cold. This consistency contributes to the year-round popularity of water activities.
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Impact on Marine Life
Consistent and pleasant water temperatures support a vibrant marine ecosystem. Coral reefs thrive in these conditions, attracting diverse fish populations and other marine life. The warm waters also provide a suitable environment for humpback whales, which migrate to Hawaii during this period to breed and calve. This interplay between ocean temperature and marine life enhances the snorkeling and diving experiences available to visitors.
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Influence on Water Activities
Pleasant ocean temperatures encourage participation in a variety of water activities. Swimming, snorkeling, diving, surfing, stand-up paddleboarding, and kayaking are all popular pursuits during December. The comfortable water temperatures eliminate the need for wetsuits or other specialized gear for most individuals, increasing accessibility and enjoyment. This accessibility contributes to the island’s reputation as a premier water sports destination.
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Comparison to Other Destinations
Compared to many mainland coastal areas, Hawaii Island’s ocean temperatures in December are significantly warmer. This contrast makes the island a particularly attractive destination for those seeking a winter escape where ocean activities can be enjoyed without cold-weather constraints. This distinction further solidifies Hawaii Island’s appeal as a year-round destination.
The consistently pleasant ocean temperatures surrounding Hawaii Island in December contribute significantly to the overall favorable weather conditions. This characteristic enhances the visitor experience by enabling comfortable participation in a variety of water activities and supports a thriving marine ecosystem. These factors combine to make December an attractive time to visit Hawaii Island for those seeking a warm-weather ocean experience.
Frequently Asked Questions about Big Island Hawaii December Weather
This FAQ section addresses common inquiries regarding weather conditions on the Big Island of Hawaii during December, providing concise and informative responses to facilitate trip planning and enhance visitor understanding.
Question 1: How much rain should be expected in December?
Rainfall varies significantly based on location. The windward (east) side typically receives considerably more rain than the leeward (west) side. Hilo, on the windward coast, averages over 10 inches, while Kona, on the leeward side, averages less than 3 inches. Packing rain gear is recommended regardless of location.
Question 2: What are typical daytime and nighttime temperatures?
Daytime temperatures at lower elevations average in the mid-70s Fahrenheit (low 20s Celsius), while nighttime temperatures drop to the 60s Fahrenheit (teens Celsius). Higher elevations experience significantly cooler temperatures.
Question 3: Is it warm enough to swim in the ocean in December?
Yes, ocean temperatures remain pleasant in December, generally ranging from the mid-70s to low 80s Fahrenheit (low to high 20s Celsius), making swimming and other water activities comfortable.
Question 4: What type of clothing is recommended for December?
Packing layers is essential. Light clothing is suitable for daytime activities, but warmer layers are necessary for cooler evenings and higher elevations. Rain gear is also advisable.
Question 5: What is the likelihood of encountering vog in December?
Vog, volcanic smog, can occasionally affect the leeward side, particularly during Kona wind conditions. Monitoring air quality forecasts is recommended, especially for individuals with respiratory sensitivities.
Question 6: Are there any unique weather-related events or phenomena in December?
December marks the beginning of humpback whale season, offering exceptional whale watching opportunities. Kona winds can occasionally disrupt typical weather patterns, bringing vog and localized heavy rainfall.
Understanding these key aspects of December weather on the Big Island of Hawaii allows for informed trip planning and enhanced enjoyment of the island’s diverse offerings. Preparedness for variable conditions ensures a comfortable and rewarding experience.
For further details on specific activities and location-based weather information, please consult the following resources
Tips for Visiting the Big Island of Hawaii in December
These tips provide practical guidance for optimizing a December visit to the Big Island of Hawaii, addressing key weather considerations and potential challenges.
Tip 1: Pack Layers: Diurnal temperature fluctuations necessitate bringing both light clothing for warm days and warmer layers for cooler evenings and higher elevations. This ensures comfort throughout varied activities and locations.
Tip 2: Monitor Rainfall Forecasts: Rainfall varies significantly across the island. Consulting localized forecasts allows for informed activity planning and appropriate rain gear preparation.
Tip 3: Choose Accommodation Strategically: Location significantly impacts weather exposure. Selecting accommodation on the leeward side generally offers more sunshine, while the windward side provides access to lush rainforests.
Tip 4: Be Prepared for Kona Winds: Kona winds can bring vog and alter rainfall patterns. Monitoring forecasts and having flexible plans allows for adaptation to changing conditions.
Tip 5: Research Whale Watching Opportunities: December marks the start of humpback whale season. Booking tours in advance ensures participation in this unique experience.
Tip 6: Consider Altitude When Packing: Temperatures decrease significantly with altitude. Planning hikes to higher elevations requires appropriate warm clothing and gear.
Tip 7: Protect Skin from Sun Exposure: Even in December, the Hawaiian sun can be intense. Packing sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses protects against sunburn.
Tip 8: Respect the Environment: Adhering to Leave No Trace principles and supporting local conservation efforts preserves the island’s natural beauty for future generations.
Following these tips allows travelers to maximize enjoyment of the Big Island’s diverse offerings while mitigating potential weather-related challenges. Preparation and awareness contribute to a more fulfilling and comfortable December experience.
By understanding and preparing for the nuances of December weather on the Big Island, visitors can fully appreciate the unique beauty and diverse activities this island offers.
Big Island Hawaii December Weather
Big Island Hawaii December weather presents a dynamic interplay of factors influencing visitor experiences. Mild daytime temperatures coupled with cooler nights necessitate packing layers. Rainfall variability, largely determined by location, requires consideration when selecting accommodations and planning activities. The onset of humpback whale season offers unique wildlife viewing opportunities. Increased sunshine on the leeward side promotes beach activities, while occasional Kona winds can introduce vog and localized heavy rainfall. Pleasant ocean temperatures facilitate year-round water activities. Understanding these elements allows for informed trip planning and preparation.
Effective preparation for Big Island Hawaii December weather ensures a comfortable and enriching experience. Awareness of potential weather variations empowers informed decision-making regarding activities, location choices, and necessary precautions. This understanding fosters appreciation for the island’s diverse microclimates and contributes to a more fulfilling exploration of its unique natural environment.
